Nestled within the vast Angkor Archaeological Park, among the renowned temples in Siem Reap, lies an architectural wonder that rivals even the famed Angkor Wat – Angkor Thom. This ancient “Great City” stands as a testament to the Khmer Empire’s grandeur, offering visitors a glimpse into the pinnacle of Khmer civilization and architecture.
While Angkor Wat often captures the limelight, Angkor Thom is an equally impressive monument to Cambodia’s rich history. For those exploring places to visit in Siem Reap, this site is an absolute must. Its sprawling layout, intricate details, and profound historical significance provide an unparalleled opportunity to immerse oneself in the golden age of Khmer culture.
Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat
Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom, two of Cambodia’s most renowned historical sites, are often confused due to Angkor Wat’s greater fame. However, these sites offer different experiences, each with a unique atmosphere and historical significance.
Constructed in the 12th century by King Suryavarman II, Angkor Wat was initially a Hindu temple complex that later incorporated Buddhist elements. In contrast, Angkor Thom, built a century later by King Jayavarman VII, served as a fortified city and royal capital. These differences in origin, purpose, and period resulted in distinct architectural styles and cultural roles. Angkor Wat showcases the grandeur of Khmer religious architecture, while Angkor Thom represents urban planning and royal power.
Each offers a unique window into different aspects of ancient Khmer civilization, making both essential stops for those seeking to fully appreciate Cambodia’s historical heritage.
Angkor Thom Historical Background
Angkor Thom, the last capital of the Khmer Empire, was founded in the late 12th century by King Jayavarman VII. Built on the site of an earlier capital, Angkor Thom represented the zenith of Khmer architectural and urban planning prowess. The city served as the heart of the empire for over a century, witnessing the reigns of several kings and the gradual transition from Hinduism to Buddhism as the state religion.
The significance of Angkor Thom extends far beyond its role as a royal capital. It was a microcosm of the Khmer universe, embodying their cosmological beliefs and serving as a centre for administration, religion, and daily life of almost a million people at its peak.
Architectural Layout of Angkor Thom Temple
Angkor Thom’s design is a marvel of ancient urban planning. The city is laid out in a square, measuring 3 kilometres on each side, and is surrounded by an impressive moat that is 100 metres wide. This layout was not merely for defensive purposes but also held deep symbolic meaning, representing the universe according to both Hindu and Buddhist cosmology.
One of the most striking features of Angkor Thom is its five monumental gates, one at the centre of each wall. These gates are crowned with four faces, each looking out in different directions. These faces might symbolise the governing entities of the four cardinal points located at the peak of Mount Meru. The approach to each gate is flanked by a row of 54 stone figures, with the left side depicting gods and the right side depicting demons, totaling 108 statues per gate across five gates.
Key Temples of Angkor Thom
Angkor Thom in Siem Reap houses a multitude of impressive structures, each offering unique insights into Khmer architecture and spirituality. Among the most notable are:
1.Bayon Temples
At the heart of Angkor Thom lies the Bayon, arguably the most enigmatic of all Angkor temples. This Buddhist temple is renowned for its 216 gigantic smiling faces adorning its 54 towers. The Bayon’s intricate bas-reliefs depict scenes from everyday life in 12th-century Cambodia, offering a unique glimpse into the past.
2.Baphuon Temple
Another significant structure within Angkor Thom is the Baphuon, a three-tiered temple mountain that predates the city itself. Recently restored, it now stands as a testament to both ancient Khmer engineering and modern conservation efforts.
3.The Terrace of the Elephants
The Terrace of the Elephants, a 350-metre-long platform used for public ceremonies, showcases intricate carvings of elephants, mythical creatures, and scenes of daily life. This structure, along with the nearby Terrace of the Leper King, demonstrates the Khmer’s mastery of stone carving.
More Information and Tips for Visitors
1. Entry to Angkor Thom is included in the Angkor Pass, which also covers other temples in the area. A one-day pass costs $37, a three-day pass $62, and a seven-day pass $72.
2. Transportation options from Siem Reap include Tuk-tuks, bicycles, private cars, and elephant rides.
3. Check the weather forecast before your visit to prepare for heat, rain, or cooler temperatures
4. Dress appropriately with modest clothing that covers shoulders and knees, respecting temple etiquette and local customs
5. Pack essentials including water bottles to stay hydrated, an umbrella for sun or rain protection, and sunscreen
Angkor Thom stands as a testament to Khmer ingenuity and artistry, its vast scale and intricate details making it one of Southeast Asia’s most significant archaeological sites. While often overshadowed by Angkor Wat, Angkor Thom offers a unique immersion into ancient Khmer civilization. As you enter its gates, you step into a world where history, art, and spirituality intertwine. From the enigmatic faces of the Bayon to the storytelling bas-reliefs, every corner invites wonder and exploration. After a day of discovery, finding repose at a luxury Hotel near Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom such as the Park Hyatt Siem Reap provides the ideal way to rejuvenate and prepare for upcoming adventures. This blend of ancient marvels and modern comfort ensures a truly memorable experience.
Park Hyatt Siem Reap
Park Hyatt, a luxury hotel in Siem Reap located next to Angkor Archaeological Park, invites you to an unforgettable spa experience. Indulge in a variety of revitalising treatments, including Khmer massage, our signature massage, refreshing foot spas by the pool, rejuvenating body scrubs, soothing spa baths, and more. Elevate your relaxation and capture the essence of the spa in Siem Reap at the exquisite Park Hyatt Siem Reap.
See our rooms and suites here.
Visit our website or contact us today to find out more.
Tel: +855 6321 1234
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Email: siemreap.park@hyatt.com
